There are two pairs of bean-shaped organs present in all vertebrate organisms. They remove waste products from the body and maintain balanced electrolyte levels as well as regulate blood pressure.

     However, each kidney is made of millions of filtering units known as Nephron which is called the basic cell of the kidney. It is also an excretory system. As each has the same color reddish/brown. Each is at the back of the abdominal cavity, with one sitting on each side of the spine. Besides this, the right kidney is slightly smaller and lower than the left to space for the liver.

         A fibrous renal capsule also surrounds each kidney and two layers of fat serve protection.

            To explain about kidney more, that there is the number of pyramid chapped lobes inside the cortex and an inner renal medulla. Nephron flow between these sections. These are its urine-producing structure of it. As the kidneys erase the waste products and get rid of them in the urine then by urine all waste products will be out of the body.

        Thus, the blood enters in kidneys through the renal arteries and leaves through the renal veins.

 

By: Sidra Shahnawaz

The writer is a student at Zanth Academy Jusak